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Variance Calculator

Calculate variance and standard deviation to measure data spread and variability.

Enter Numbers

Results

Sample Variance (s²)
27.4286
Most commonly used
Population Variance (σ²)
24.0000
Sample Std Dev (s)
5.2372
Population Std Dev (σ)
4.8990
Mean (μ)
18.0000
Count (n)
8

What is Variance?

Variance measures how far a set of numbers are spread out from their average value. Higher variance means data points are more spread out; lower variance means they're closer to the mean.

Sample vs Population Variance

  • Sample Variance (s²): Use when analyzing a sample. Divides by (n-1) for unbiased estimate.
  • Population Variance (σ²): Use for entire population. Divides by n.

Variance vs Standard Deviation

  • Variance: Average of squared differences (units²)
  • Standard Deviation: Square root of variance (same units as data)

When to Use

  • Measuring investment risk and volatility
  • Quality control and manufacturing consistency
  • Comparing variability between datasets
  • Statistical hypothesis testing